Carbon black, also known as soot (English: carbon black), is a form of elemental carbon produced by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons. It consists of fine particles of carbon, mainly in the form of colloidal particles. Carbon black is used in a variety of industrial applications due to its unique properties. The following are the key aspects of carbon black:
structure
Carbon black is produced by the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons in the presence of limited air or oxygen. The process usually involves the incomplete combustion of natural gas or oil.
The particles of carbon black are typically very fine and have a high surface area, giving it unique physical and chemical properties.
Purpose and application
Rubber industry
One of the main uses of carbon black is in the rubber industry. It is added to rubber formulas to enhance strength, durability and abrasion resistance. Carbon black provides reinforcement to rubber compounds, making it an important component in the production of tires, conveyor belts and other rubber products.
Inks and Pigments
Carbon black is used as a black pigment in inks, paints and paints. It provides intense black coloration and UV stability.
Plastic and masterbatch
In the plastics industry, carbon black is used as filler and pigment in the production of plastic products. It gives plastic its color and improves its mechanical properties.
battery electrode
Carbon black is used in the production of battery electrodes, including lithium-ion batteries. It enhances electrical conductivity and helps improve the overall performance of the battery.
Printing and toner
Carbon black is used in the production of toner for laser printers and photocopiers.
concrete and building materials
In the construction industry, carbon black is sometimes used as a pigment in concrete and as an ingredient in various building materials.
Inkjet printer ink
Carbon black is used in inkjet inks for printing on paper and other surfaces.
Adhesives and sealants
Used in the production of adhesives and sealants to improve properties such as strength and UV resistance.
Electronic and conductive materials
Certain types of carbon black are engineered for their conductive properties and find use in electronic components, conductive polymers, and other conductive materials.
Types of carbon black
Furnace black: Produced through a high-temperature process, furnace black is the most commonly used type in the rubber industry.
Channel black: This type of carbon black has a low surface area and is commonly used in coatings, plastics and inks.
Thermal carbon black: Thermal carbon black is produced through the thermal decomposition of natural gas, and its performance is between furnace carbon black and channel carbon black.
Health and Safety Considerations
While carbon black is generally considered safe for its intended use, inhalation of fine carbon black particles in occupational settings may cause respiratory health problems. Proper safety measures should be followed in industrial environments.
Carbon black is a versatile material widely used in various industries, especially in the rubber and polymer industries where its reinforcing and color properties are highly valued.
Carbon black (E152) food additive
E152 is a food additive code that designates carbon black, a type of carbon that has been processed to have small, low-volume pores that increase its surface area. Carbon black is used as a colorant in the food industry. It is a fine black powder that provides an intense black color to foods.
Here are some key points about carbon black (E152) as a food additive:
Colorant
Carbon black is primarily used as a black pigment in food and beverage products. It imparts a deep black color to a variety of items, including candies, sauces, condiments, and other food products.
Regulatory approval
The use of carbon black as a food additive is regulated by food safety authorities in different countries. For example, in the European Union it is assigned the code E152 and its use is subject to specific regulations and maximum allowable concentrations.
Common applications
Carbon black (E152) is commonly used in the production of black licorice, certain types of candies, and foods that require a deep black color. It is also used in some savory products such as black pasta and sauces.
security considerations
Carbon black used in food is generally considered safe when used within approved limits. However, it is important to note that the safety of any food additive depends on factors such as the amount used, the specific food and personal sensitivities. Regulatory agencies set limits to ensure the safe use of food additives.
alternatives
In some cases, alternative natural colorants may be used to achieve black coloration in foods. These alternatives may include ingredients such as activated carbon, plant carbon (E153) or other plant sources.
Label
Foods containing carbon black ingredients should be listed on the ingredients label with the corresponding additive code (E152). This enables consumers to be aware of its presence in the product.
International Numbering System (INS)
In addition to the E number, carbon black is assigned the International Numbering System (INS) code 153.
Food manufacturers must comply with local regulations and ensure that the use of carbon black in food meets safety standards. Consumers with specific concerns about food additives may choose to look for products labeled natural or organic, as these products often use alternative colorants and additives.
