HealthyPIG Magazine

Arginine alpha-ketoglutarate (AAKG) is a salt of the amino acids arginine and alpha-ketoglutarate. It is marketed as a bodybuilding supplement. Studies have found that using AAKG as a dietary supplement does not increase muscle protein synthesis or improve muscle strength.

N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is an amide derivative of the monosaccharide glucose. It is a secondary amide between glucosamine and acetate. It is important in a variety of biological systems.

Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid. This means that the body cannot synthesize its own phenylalanine, so people must obtain it from their diet. Generally speaking, foods high in protein are also high in phenylalanine.

Phenylalanine is involved in the production of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine, which are essential for the proper functioning of the brain and nervous system. Phenylalanine also contributes to the production of melanin, which provides color to skin, hair, and eyes.

Most people can consume phenylalanine without any risk of side effects. However, some people have the rare metabolic disease PKU, which causes the body to be unable to break down phenylalanine. This can lead to harmful levels of amphetamine in the body. Therefore, patients with PKU must carefully control their intake of amphetamine.

L-serine, also known as a "conditionally non-essential amino acid", is one of the most important amino acids for human survival and growth. L-serine is involved in many metabolic processes, such as protein production, lipids, nucleic acids, neurotransmitter synthesis (such as serotonin), and the production of other amino acids. L-serine is essential for the production of phosphatidylserine, a phospholipid that is a component of cell membranes.

Although it is not one of the nine essential amino acids that the body cannot synthesize on its own, there are certain situations where L-serine becomes extremely important. For example, in neurodegenerative diseases such as diabetes or Alzheimer's disease, the internal production of L-serine cannot meet the body's needs for this nutrient. Therefore, L-serine supplementation is necessary; therefore, the term "conditionally necessary" is appropriate.

Fortunately, serine and its many metabolites are currently being studied as treatments for diabetes, various kidney diseases, brain injuries, and a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential nutrients and include leucine, isoleucine and valine. They are found in meat, dairy products and legumes. Branched-chain amino acids stimulate protein formation in muscles and may reduce muscle breakdown. "Branched" refers to the chemical structure of these amino acids. BCAAs are used to treat decreased brain function and movement disorders often caused by antipsychotic medications in patients with advanced liver disease. They are also commonly used to enhance athletic performance, prevent fatigue, reduce muscle breakdown, and other purposes, but there is not enough reliable information to support these other uses.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter or chemical messenger in the brain. Potential benefits of GABA include lowering blood pressure, reducing muscle spasms and managing mood.

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